ABSTRACT
Although coronary angiography is gold standard for diagnosis of coronary artery disease, it is nevertheless an invasive and potentially hazardous procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of carotid and femoral artery Intima-Media Thickness [IMT] for detection of coronary artery disease. The present study comprised 100 consecutive patients referred for coronary angiography due to symptoms of ischemic heart disease. Ultrasound assessment of common carotid and common femoral artery were performed with an ultrasound device equipped with a high-resolution transducer. IMT was measured in the common carotid and common femoral artery [10 mm proximal to the deep femoral artery origin]. There were 25 cases in each of single [S], double [D] and triple [T] vessel disease and 25 in significant left main diseases groups of patients. In regard to common carotid artery IMT was 0.78 mm in S, 0.84 mm in D, 0.97 mm in T and 1.05 mm in left main disease groups. There was a significant correlation between IMT measured in the carotid artery and severity of coronary artery disease [P = 0.0001]. With respect to common femoral artery IMT was 0.66 mm in S group, 0.73 mm in D group, 0.84 mm in T groups and 0.85 mm in patients with left main disease.. There is a significant correlation between IMT [measured in the common femoral artery] and severity of coronary artery disease [P = 0.0001]. Our results indicated that early atherosclerosis in both carotid and femoral arteries were highly predictive of coronary involvement and IMT being associated with the number of coronary vessels disorder
ABSTRACT
Hyperemesis Gravidarum [HG] is the extreme amount of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. The incidence of this problem is between 0.3- 2%. HG is multifactorial disorder which fetal sexuality is one of them and some studies indicated the relation between HG and female fetus. Survey the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum and fetus sexuality. All medical cases of pregnant women who referred to Alzahra hospital from 1997 to 2007 were considered as a descriptive- analytical study. Known cases of HG were selected [separated] between them. Variables such as fetal sexuality, duration of hospitalization, age, parity, pregnancy trimester, biochemical tests were extracted and analyzed with SPSS 14 and Fisher exact test. Among 197 cases, 150 cases [76.14%] were selected because of their full information 80.2% of women with female fetus, stayed >/= 4 days at the hospital. This amount was 33.9% in women with male fetus [p< 0.0001]. Ketonuria >/= 3+ [P0.016], Hyponatremia [P0.035], Hyperuremia [P0.045] were 16.5%, 41.8%, 62.6% in the first group and this amount were 3.4%, 23.7%, and 3.61% in the second group. 84.6% of women with female fetus and 64.4% of women with male fetus hospitalized in their first trimester [p=0.006]. HG was sever in 79.1% of women with female fetus and 61% of women with male fetus [p= 0.025]. This study showed statistical relationship between fetus Sexuality and severity of HG. The severity of this problem get raised with ketonuria, Hyperurmia, Hypernatermia and hospitalization in the first trimester
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Fetus , Sexuality , Pregnancy Trimester, FirstABSTRACT
Introduction: Oral cancer is one of the main hygienic problems in many countries of the world. Its prevalence in various places of the world is different and like any other disease for better understanding is necessary to understand about this diseases distribution in different parts of Iran
Objective: Determine the frequency of related factors of oral cancer in Patients who suffered from oral cancer in Guilan province in years 1996-2004
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study we were collected oral cancer information from cancer registry center of Guilan and oral and maxillofacial surgery offices
Results: Among total samples were found 306 cases of oral Cancer which 186 patients [60.8%] were male and 120 patients [39.2%] were female. Rate of males to females were 1.55 to 1 and mean age of patients were [57.7 +/- 15.65years]. The most age incidence of suffering mouth cancer was in the 7th decades of life. In pathology, the squamus cell carcinoma with 205 cases [67%] was the most common malignant one. The second rank belonged to lymphoma with 27 cases [8.8%]. Adenocarcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, with 12 cases [3.9%] were in third place of incidence. Tongue with 53 cases [17.3%], lower lip with 35 cases [11.4%] and finally tonsil with 29 cases [9.48%], were in 1[st], 2[nd] and 3[rd] rank in incidence of malignant part of body
Conclusion: Most of the findings in this study were similar to previous studies. We need more accurate statistics to recognize the risk factors of suffering mouth cancer in various regions of country, which required integrated system of cancer registering
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Schizophrenia is a chronic disabling disorder which puts heavy burdens on societies. Available treatment methods are mostly effective on positive symptoms of the disorder. Estrogen has been focused to be studied as a potential therapeutic agent in schizophrenia according to findings such as a]a later onset of the disorder in women, b] a relative subside of symptoms during pregnancy, c] a better prognosis of the disorder in women and d] variations of symptoms along with variations of menstrual hormonal phases. As the available evidence is not conclusive, this study aimed at further investigating the efficacy of estrogen in reducing positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Method and Materials: In a Randomized Clinical Trial, we enrolled two 20-person matched groups of female patients with schizophrenia aged between15 to 45 years old. For the patients of the first group thiothixene 15 mg/day and estrogen 0.625 mg/day were administered while for those of the second [control] group thiothixen 15mg/ day and placebo were prescribed. Symptoms of schizophrenia were assessed before intervention and then at the end of the 4th and the 8th weeks by the scale of Positive and Negative Schizophrenia Symptoms [PANSS]. Results were analyzed through SPSS-10 using T- tests
Findings: There were significant differences between the two groups in the domains of poor communication [P = 0.04] and stereotypic thoughts [P = 0.04] after the 4th and in the hostility domain after the 8th weeks of intervention. We did not find such a difference in other symptom domains
Conclusion: Combined with neuroleptics, estorgen may be considered as an adjuvant therapeutic factor in the treatment of schizophrenia. Further investigation is strictly required to assess its harms versus benefits in the long term